Windsor County, VT

Supports FEMA checklist item B1-a Hazard identification

15 of the 18 National Risk Index hazards apply here.

Not applicable to this county per NRI, with no federal declaration and no Storm Events record since 1996: coastal flooding, tsunami and volcanic activity. That is the evidence for leaving them out of the plan.

Highest expected annual loss (NRI, modeled): Inland Flooding, Cold Wave and Heat Wave.

Not covered by NRI (local data needed): dam failure (incl. upstream dams); levee failure; flash flood as its own subtype; ice jams; debris flows; erosion (riverine and coastal); land subsidence and sinkholes; expansive soils.

The state hazard mitigation plan also lists hazards for this county; FEMA asks the plan to explain any hazard it leaves out.

Supports FEMA checklist item B1-b Hazard location

• Avalanche, Earthquake, Hurricane, Landslide, Tornado and Wildfire vary within the county; the packet lists the highest-rated census tracts for each.
• Cold Wave, Drought, Hail, Heat Wave, Ice Storm, Lightning, Strong Wind and Winter Weather: affects the whole county; national data give no location within it.
• Inland Flooding: the FEMA Flood Insurance Rate Map (FIRM) is the required location source for flooding. See the FEMA Flood Map Service Center (https://msc.fema.gov) for this county.

Supports FEMA checklist item B1-c Hazard extent

Storm Events records for 12 of the 21 NOAA event-type groups mapped to the 18 hazards, with the scale, observed range and worst recorded event for each; the others say which local data are needed.

Worst recorded tornado, hail and thunderstorm wind (the three event types on record since the 1950s; the packet has every group):

• Hail: 1.75 in hail, 2012-05-29; same size also recorded on 1955-07-23, 1975-08-03, 1980-08-01, 2012-05-28
• Thunderstorm Wind: 100 kt (115 mph) estimated gust, Thunderstorm Wind, 2003-07-21, 1 direct injury
• Tornado: F2 tornado, 1966-08-11, 1 mi path length (whole path, pre-1996), 33 yd wide, $25,000 property (pre-1996 NOAA value, recorded in damage ranges); crops not recorded (1966 dollars); same rating, casualties and property damage also recorded on 1955-10-24, 1962-07-09

Supports FEMA checklist item B1-d Previous occurrences

Federal declarations for this area: 27 declarations covering 23 separate hazard incidents counted in this packet; each with type, dates and county Public Assistance dollars.

No county-level plan row in FEMA data, so there is no approval date to count from.

2 statewide declarations listed separately.

Hazards with no Storm Events record and no federal declaration are stated as such (7 of 18).

Storm Events history: 699 records (notable ones in the PDF, all of them in the Excel file).

Supports FEMA checklist item B1-e Probability of future events

FEMA annualized frequency (modeled) for each hazard, with a descriptor from a scale defined in the packet.

• Highly likely: Hail, Landslide, Lightning, Strong Wind and Winter Weather
• Likely: Cold Wave, Heat Wave, Inland Flooding and Tornado
• Possible: Avalanche, Hurricane and Ice Storm
• Unlikely: Earthquake and Wildfire

Historical frequency by intensity band (tornado, hail, wind): 9 bands from Storm Events.

Supports FEMA checklist item B1-f Hazards that vary across jurisdictions

Range of census tract risk scores within the area for 15 of the 18 hazards (19 tracts; rated tracts only).

26 jurisdictions: plan clock, repeat-flood count, Public Assistance dollars and event records naming the place (starting figures from federal data).

County Public Assistance in B1-d also includes applicants filed under the county that are not matched to a jurisdiction row here (for example county offices and boards filed under their own names, such as a sheriff's office or a conservation board, and state agencies, special districts and nonprofits), so the jurisdiction rows add up to less.

Supports FEMA checklist items B2-a and B2-b Vulnerability and potential impacts

The packet's table gives county-level starting figures; the plan describes impacts for each jurisdiction and its own assets.

No county-level plan row in FEMA data, so there is no approval date to count from.

Local data needed

To gather:

• Critical facilities and lifelines per hazard
• A problem statement per jurisdiction per hazard
• Changes in development in hazard-prone areas since the last approval, or a statement of none (E1-a)
• Future assets
• Vermont Flood Ready Atlas and Agency of Natural Resources (ANR) river corridors for town flood and erosion locations.
• The Emergency Relief and Assistance Fund (ERAF) Flood Hazard Summary gives E911 building counts in the Special Flood Hazard Area (SFHA) per town.
• Vermont Dam Inventory for dams in and upstream of the town.
• Vermont Emergency Management (VEM) hazard mitigation planning resources and the 2023 Vermont State Hazard Mitigation Plan.

Supports FEMA checklist item B2-a Vulnerability (county context)

Population 57,706; building value $16,602,595,068 and agriculture value $32,259,803 (total, not at risk).

National Risk Index rating Relatively Low; social vulnerability Relatively Low; community resilience Relatively High.

Supports FEMA checklist item B2-c Repetitive loss properties

Repetitive-loss properties, FMA definition (44 CFR 77.2): 4 repetitive loss, 1 severe repetitive loss. NFIP insurance definition: 14 and 0.

Mitigated 0; insured 7; NFIP data as of 2026-08-02. Counts by occupancy group and for each jurisdiction are in the packet.